Cinematography Tutorial: Why Manipulating Character Size Is an Incredibly Powerful Tool

In a new excerpt from the fantastic Lynda series Pro Video Tips with Anthony Q. Artis (which is definitely worth checking out if you subscribe to Lynda), Artis breaks down the multitude of ways that cinematographers, directors, and even set dressers can manipulate character size within a frame in order to visually tell the story and elicit an emotional response from an audience:

As a cinematographer, my favorite piece of advice from this tutorial is the bit dealing with focal length, something which I've talked about at length in the past. Using wide-angle lenses and staging certain characters either closer or farther from the lens can create an exaggerated illusion of depth and character size, with the characters closest to the lens appearing larger than they actually are. For fantastic examples of how wide angle lenses can exaggerate spatial depth and character size, check out the trailer for Terrence Malick's latest film, Knight of Cups, which features more brilliant wide-angle cinematography from Chivo:

However, there's also something to be said for artificially manipulating the depth and size cues within a scene in order to make characters seems larger or smaller. Obviously, Citizen Kane is the seminal example of the technique, as Orson Wells famously had slightly smaller sets constructed in order to make his rendition of Charles Foster Kane seem larger than life. For most of us, this type of manipulation is well beyond our budgetary and time constraints, but it's something to keep in mind.

What are some of your favorite techniques for making characters seem larger or smaller within a frame, and in what situations do you like to employ those techniques?

Source: Lynda